Gypsy Dance in the Gardens of the Alcázar | Alfred Dehodencq, 1822-1882 | Museo Carmen Thyssen Málagaĭuring the Middle Ages, Spain was a melting pot of people and culture, hosting a large population of Jews, Muslims, Christians and Romani living together in relative peace. There are more flamenco academies in Japan than in Spain! Now it is taught systematically in schools and studios throughout the world. In Spanish Romani culture, flamenco was an oral tradition passed down among family and friends. As flamenco spread, it became professionalized while absorbing aspects of popular music and other Hispanic styles. This cross-fertilization of styles coincided with flamenco’s rise in popularity. In a broader sense, flamenco refers to musical styles influenced by and intermingled with traditional flamenco and played both in and outside Spain. Spain is the nearest European country to Africa | Wikimedia Commonsįlamenco refers to the folkloric music traditions of Spanish Romani-the gypsies of Southern Spain. Ironically, Spanish Romani, also called gypsies, were outcasts but invented the music viewed as the essence of Spanish culture.īefore we listen to Spanish nationalistic composers, let's find out what flamenco is and how it came to be. Nineteenth century Spanish composers such as Isaac Albeniz and Enrique Granados were inspired by flamenco and used it as the basis for Spanish nationalism. Flamenco-the music of Spanish Romani-was elevated to the center of Spanish identity. One of the most fascinating examples of musical nationalism occurred on the Iberian peninsula during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While the uninitiated listener may find Nationalism and Exoticism difficult to distinguish aurally, their origins are different: Nationalism draws on one's cultural roots while Exoticism appropriates culture of others. A French composer using Japanese folk music in a symphony is an example of Exoticism. When a composer incorporates musical material from outside his or her culture, it is called Exoticism. Thus, nationalism was attractive to composers working outside of the European cultural mainstream, especially Spanish, Russian and Czechoslovakian composers. Sometimes nationalistic pieces were linked to political movements but, more often, were a reaction to the dominance of German Romanticism-the mainstream European style. Like other Realists, nationalistic composers communicated extra musical ideas via descriptive titles, accompanying text or poems. Spanish Singer | Édouard Manet, 1832-1883 | Metropolitan Museum of Art Composers employed popular music, folk songs, folk dances and folklore, or music suggestive of folk and popular music, to conjure nationalistic feelings in audiences. Musical nationalism began in nineteenth century Europe and used culture unique to a people or nation to evoke patriotic feelings and pride. Music In The 19th Century Flamenco | Spanish Nationalism Peter The Romantic Era | Flamenco & Spanish Nationalism | Isaac Albeniz | 1
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